Assignments 2 & 3

1. Degrees of Comparison

Degree comparison of Adjective is a form of wording the which aims to compare the nature of inter- object . Degree comparison of adjective , commonly known by the phrase comparison , has three patterns, each of the which has a different function. The shape in question is Positive Degree , Degree Comparative and Superlative Degree.

  

      1)      Positive degree.

Positive Degree is a form of comparative sentences that describe the same nature between the two objects. Here it does not compare because of the same nature , such as beautiful , as smart , diligently and others . Here is the general pattern of Positive Degree.

Subject 1 + tobe + AS + ADJECTIVE + AS + Subject 2

Example

         ·    The girl is as beautiful as her. 
         ·     My house is not as clean as your house. 
         ·      Is your father as high as my father.

       2)      Comparative degree.

Comparative Degree ( Levels More ) used to declare that a state of an object or person over another.

To be + comparative + then

Example

          ·     My house is larger than Doni's house. 
          ·      Magazine is more interesting than newspaper. 
          ·      Mr.Jack is richer than Mr. Black.

       3)      Superlative degree.

       Superlative is the name given to the grammar used to compare three or more 

people, things, or things. When using superlatives, we are only talking about one 

person , thing, or matter. That is how great, bad, good, etc. people, objects, or 

thing. Superlative is the third degree of comparison (comparison of third-level 

degrees) on adjective and adverb. There are two kinds of formulas that we use to 

express a Superlative Degree , among others, are as follows :

To adjective ( Adjective ) short or consists of one syllable (one Syllable)

The + Adjective + est

Some examples of short adjectives (one syllable ) that we can use in the 

Superlative Degree are as follows :

Positive	Comparative	Superlative	meaning
Easy	Easier	Easiest	Mudah
Fast	Faster	Fastest	Cepat

As for the adjective (Adjective) that length or more than one syllable (more than one Syllable), then the formula is as follows :

The Most + Adjective

Some examples of adjectives that more than one syllable (more than one syllable) 

are as follows :

Positive	Comparative	Superlative	meaning
Beautiful	More Beautiful	The Most Beautiful	cantik
Careful	More Careful	The Most Careful	Hati-Hati

  Example 

     ·    She is the happiest person among us.

     ·    This car is the most expensive among others.

His house is the most beautiful.

2. Question Words

Question words in English consists of 9 pieces, namely what, where, when, which, why, Whose, who, Whom, and how. Therefore, the question word is commonly called 8W + 1H.

1)What

What used to ask about objects or things. Examples of interrogative sentence using the words what you can see below.

Example

What does Lala think about your project?

2)Where

Where used to inquire place.

Example

Where do you work?

3)When

When used to ask the time.

Example

When did you live in Bekasi?

4)Which

Which is used for prompts.

Example

Which route do we should take?

5)Why

Used to ask the reason why.

Example

Why did you not go for work today?

6)Whose

Whose digunakan untuk menanyakan kepemilikan.

Example

Whose place are you staying at?

7)Who

Who used to ask people (as a subject).

Example

Who will you invite to the party?

Besides , who can also be directly followed by the verb .

Example

Who wrote the Harry Potter?

8)Whom

In contrast to the WHO , Whom used to ask people as objects.

Example

Whom did you interview yesterday?

9)How

How typically used to ask the way , the condition / quality , news / health of a person , the number ( which can and can not be counted ) , age , distance , duration , and frequency .

Example

How much money have you spent this month?

3. Newspaper

Landslide in Manado, Three People Killed

Manado - Heavy rain which flushed the city of Manado, North Sulawesi, resulting in landslides in the Village Bumi Nyiur, District Wanea, Thursday (08/30/2012) early this morning. Boardinghouses owned by Kaat buried in the ground. As a result, three people were killed boarders.

Victim identified as Grace (45), Audi Lumenong (40), and Oneng Titiobeti (24). However, until this afternoon Grace new bodies have been found. Two other victims are still in search of rescue workers.

Eyewitnesses said the landslide occurred when the victim was in the living room. Suddenly, there was a very loud on the back of the house. Other boarders had run out, while three victims were unsuccessful.

Avalanche could be due to unstable soil structure plus heavy rain since Wednesday.

Officers are having trouble finding victims arena avalanche terrain is very steep locations. Grace's body was discovered only after eight hours. To facilitate the search for survivors.

Principles of news (5w + 1h)

1)      (what)

What happened?

= Landslides that resulted in three deaths

2)      (where)

Where the events occur?

= District of Wanea, Manado, North Sulawesi.

3)      (when)

When did the incident occur?

= Thursday (08/30/2012)

4)      (who)

Anyone who is involved in such events?

= Grace (45 years), Audi Lumenong (40 years), and Oneng Titiobeti (24 years).

5)      (why)

Why did these events occur?

= Landslide could be due to unstable soil structure plus heavy rain since Wednesday.

6)      (how)

How did these events occur?

= Witnesses said the landslide occurred when the victim was in the living room. Suddenly, there was a very loud on the back of the house. Other boarders had run out, while three victims were unsuccessful.

4. Active and Passive Sentences

A sentence is written in active voice when the subject of the sentence performs the action in the sentence.

               e.g The girl was washing the dog.

A sentence is written in passive voice when the subject of the sentence has an action done to it by someone or something else

               e.g The dog was being washed by the girl.

Harry ate six shrimp at dinner. (active)

At dinner, six shrimp were eaten by Harry. (passive)

Beautiful giraffes roam the savannah. (active)

The savannah is roamed by beautiful giraffes. (passive)

Sue changed the flat tire. (active)

The flat tire was changed by Sue. (passive)

We are going to watch a movie tonight. (active)

A movie is going to be watched by us tonight. (passive)

I ran the obstacle course in record time. (active)

The obstacle course was run by me in record time. (passive)

5.Realative Clauses

This handout will help you understand what relative clauses are and how they work, and will especially help you decide when to use “that” or “which.” A relative clause is one kind of dependent clause. It has a subject and verb, but can’t stand alone as a sentence. It is sometimes called an “adjective clause” because it functions like an adjective—it gives more information about a noun. A relative clause always begins with a “relative pronoun,” which substitutes for a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun when sentences are combined.

Relative pronoun as subject

I hate the dog that bit me.

I am moving to Louisville, KY. It is home to the Muhammad Ali Museum.

I am moving to Louisville, KY, which is home to the Muhammad Ali Museum.

Relative pronoun as Object

I like the bike. My father gave me the bike.

I like the bike that my father gave me.

6. Adjective Clauses

Conditional sentences are sometimes confusing for learners of English as a second language.

Watch out:

1. Which type of conditional sentences is it?
2. Where is the if-clause (e.g. at the beginning or at the end of the conditional sentence)?

There are three types of conditional sentences.

  I would pass the exam.

  I could pass the exam.

  I might pass the exam.

  I may pass the exam.

  I should pass the exam.