Simple present tense
Simple present tense is a form of
the verb to express the facts, habits, or events that occur at this time. formed
from the verb-1 (present tense) or linking verb "be" (is, am, are). What
is the verb-1? Verb-1 is a bare infinitive with additional -s or -es (eg verb-1
: does, goes,wants).
Example:
1.
She
always washes her face before going to bed.
2.
Sun rises from
the east, and sets on the west every day.
3.
Working
whole day makes my body so tired, I need to take a rest.
4.
Mother
always takes care her child every time.
5. Government gives fund to poor people as a compensation of new oil
policy.
Present continuous tense
The present continuous tense or the
present progressive tense is the verb form used to express the action going on
right now (present) or plan for the future (future). formed with the auxiliary
verb "be ", the form is / am / are because the present tense (
present time), and the present participle (V1-ing). This tense is generally
only occurs in the form of dynamic action verbs, not stative verb. Why so?
because generally only dynamic verb which has a continuous shape .
Example:
1.
I
am sorry, I can’t help you now, I am still studying for examination
tomorrow.
2.
The
teacher is teaching his students right now.
3.
Don’t
speak too loud, the baby is still sleeping.
4.
Just
wait for me there, I am driving my car to your place.
5. My car is being
washed now, so I can’t go anywhere.
Past continuous tense
Past continuous progressive tense or
past tense is a form of the verb used to express that an action is happening at
a particular time in the past. The action has been initiated but not completed
by that time. Past continuous tense is formed with the auxiliary verb
"be", the form was/were because the past tense (past), and the
present participle. Was for a singular subject (I, she, he, it, and the third
person) and were for a plural subject (you, they, we, the third person plural).
Example:
1.
I
was sleeping when the car crashed my home last night.
2.
She
was the girl I ever talked about.
3.
You
were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
4.
I
was not as famous as right now.
5.
Was
I crying at city park last weekend when she left me alone?
Simple past tense
Simple past tense is a simple form
of the verb to indicate that an event occurred in the past. In the simple past
tense, time of occurrence (yesterday, last two days, last year) or the time
line (for two months, for a day, for an hour) can be specifically mentioned.
Simple past tense is formed from the verb-2 (past tense) or linking verb "be"
(was, were). What is the verb-2? Verb-2 is the bare infinitive (base verb form)
with added -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, or -ne for regular verb or form inconsistent
at irregular verb.
Example:
1.
She crossed over
the bridge by motorcycle last night.
2.
I could not
drop in because I was in hurry.
3.
She did not
go to school yesterday because since three days ago she has
been sick.
4.
She was not
happy to hear that you came to her house.
5. Why did you
come home so late?
Subject-verb agreement
Subject-verb agreement is a rapprochement
between the verb (a verb) with the subject line in terms of number, namely :
singular (singular) or plural (plural). Subjects can be either a noun (noun),
pronoun (pronoun), or other construction acting as a noun, like gerund and infinitive.
Basically, the singular subject (single subject) use the singular verb
(singular verb), while plural subject (subject plural) using a plural verb
(verb plural). Generally in the present tense, singular verb form base form (basic
form) of the verb with the added ending (suffix) -s. As for the plural verb
with no added ending -s (otherwise, subject plural ending -s added). These
rules also apply verb on the subject in the form of a third person (third
person, for example: Ricky, Anna) and all personal pronouns (they, we = plural;
he, she, it = single) , except I and you. Although the form of a single subject,
I and you are paired with plural verbs (not including the verb "be"
(was, am) on "I").
Example
Sentences Subject-Verb Agreement [subject = bold; verb = italic]:
1.
The
sun rise.
2.
The
stars shine.
3.
Leo rarely eats white bread.
4.
You go straight ahead then turn left.
But
if there is a helping verb, then the helping verb his turn while the main verb
in the base form ( base form verb). Picks helping verb in the singular–plural –it
is is- acre, does –do, and has-haves. Especially for has-haves, the agreement
does not apply if the word is a second helping verb or helping verb is used
behind the other.
Example
Sentences Subject-Verb Agreement [subject = bold; verb = italic; helping verb =
underline]:
1.
My boss always comes on time.
2.
They like eating out.
3.
He is working.
4.
I do submit the task.
5.
The manager has checked the documents.
6. I will have been sleeping for an hour when you
arrive.
While
in the past tense, there is no difference in the form of the verb in number
(singular or plural) if there is no helping verb, namely : was-were.
Example
Sentences Subject-Verb Agreement [subject = bold; helping verb = underline]:
1.
The cat was sleeping.
2.
We were roasting
corn.
3.
She drove fast.
As if the verb is used in the form of linking verb, then it is, am (especially I), was (past tense) used by the singular subject, whereas acre and were (past tense) by plural subject.
Example
Sentences Subject-Verb Agreement [subject = bold; linking verb = italic]:
1.
Ricky is smart.
2.
The children are naughty.
3.
I was a stamp collector.
4.
My books were borrowed by him.
Problems
on Subject-Verb Agreement
Subject-verb
agreement becomes confusing when faced with issues such as : the subject in the
form of collective noun, compound subject, plural form with singular meaning,
and the indefinite pronoun. In addition, there is also a phrase or clause that
interrupts the subject and verb that can be confusing enough in determining its
agreement.
Types Pronoun
Noun
or pronoun is a word that can replace a noun or noun phrase. Pronoun serves to
avoid repetition of a noun or noun phrase the same mentioned earlier.
1. Reflexive
Pronoun
which
is used to show the reflection of the pronoun (pronoun) it self. Which includes
“myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, and Themselves”.
Exampe:
- I
can do it by myself.
- She
makes a cake by herself.
2. Possessive
Pronoun
is
a pronoun used to show possession or ownership in the sentence. In using this Possessive
we can
include nouns in Possessive Adjective and do not include the noun in the
possessive pronoun.
Possessive Adjective
Examples include “my , you , her , his , our , Reviews their , it”.
- My
address is at Pelita-Gadingrejo.
- Their
hobbies are making a noise.
Possessive
Pronoun Examples include “mine, theirs, ours, hers, his, yours”.
- This
is mine.
- I
don’t take your.
3. Personal
Pronoun
is
one type of noun used to denote those who like the first (first person that
pronouns are used to show the person speaking), the second person (the pronoun
used for people who talk or interlocutors with the first) and the third person
(pronouns are used to indicate the person or seseuatu we're talking about the
second person). Which is included in the Personal Pronoun is “I, YOU, THEY, WE,
HE, SHE and IT”.
- They
like dancing.
- She
is cooking in the kitchen.
4. Interrogative
Pronoun
is
a pronoun used Untk show / make / make inquiries. Which is included in the
pronoun “who, Whom, Whose, what, where, which, when, why, and how”.
- who
drove the you home yesterday?
- what
is your name?
5. Demonstrative
Pronoun
as a pronoun pointing a pronoun that
indicates a noun, the animals know the person referred to or discussed. Included
in pronouns like “this, that, Reviews These, Reviews those, ones and one”.
- This
is my pen.
- These
are many ants.
6. Relative/Conjunctive
Pronoun
is a pronoun used to show the
relationship of two sentences into one sentence by removing the same words.
Included in Relative/conjunctive Pronoun is the "who, that, whom, whose,
which, where and of roomates".
- My
father is an English teacher.
- He
teaches everyday.
7. Indefinite
Pronoun
certainly an indeterminate pronouns
unknown/have antecedent (the word or words that precede a reference pronoun).
Included in the pronoun is "everyone, none, anyone, ones, all, either,
each, another, both of, less, many, some, a lot, and others).
- many
students are following the ceremony.
- every
student has to obey the regulation.
8. Reciprocal
Pronoun
is a pronoun used to show the reciprocal
relationship (interconnected) among individuals either two or more than two.
Which is included in the pronoun is "each other, and one another".
- David
and Dinda love each other.
- Those teenage girls
are talking about one another.
